Time：2023-03-27 08:27:31 source：ucutxmastrees.com author：Bird Read：304次

Sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp: 500 punches in 1 second, the acceleration of punching is comparable to a bullet, and it can break the fish tank with one punch

In the crevices of the rock, a colorful parrot mantis shrimp is lurking here. It is wearing dark green armor, orange-red between its head and chest, and has a honeycomb-like white pattern on its edges. A crab passed by in front of the rock. Suddenly, the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp in the crack of the rock attacked. There was only an explosion. A pair of forelimbs that seemed to be wearing boxing gloves struck the crab with lightning speed. Fortunately, The crab has been protecting the crab claws in front of him, blocking the fist of the Sparrow Mantis Shrimp, but the crab is not good. The crab hurried away after leaving a pincer, and the Sparrow-tailed Mantis Shrimp also closed it, dragging half of the crab pincers and burrowed back between the cracks. One-punch Crab Claw Sparrow-tailed Mantis Shrimp has a colorful shell with blue, green, red and other tones, and its unique tail is very similar to the tail feathers of a peacock, so it is kept as a pet by some people. However, although the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp is beautiful, it is a ruthless character. The most talked about is its pair of powerful "iron fists". The individual mantis shrimp is not large, only 3 to 18 cm, the largest does not exceed the palm of an adult, and the weight is only 60 grams. With such a petite body, the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp can punch 60 kilograms in 2 milliseconds, which is equivalent to 500 punches per second. The maximum speed of the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp is more than 80 kilometers per hour, like a high-speed car, the acceleration is equivalent to a 0.22 caliber bullet, and the force is equivalent to 1,000 times its own weight. The currently recognized limit of human reaction speed is 100 milliseconds. Only with the help of high-speed cameras can we see the moment when the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp punches. Moreover, half a millisecond after the punch of the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp was punched, a bubble was generated in front of the fist. Don't underestimate this bubble. It is formed after the water is vaporized by the high-speed water flow that is pushed away when the mantis shrimp punches. This is known as cavitation, and it tends to occur in the propellers of boats, and when these tiny bubbles burst, they create huge shock waves that blast the steel propeller into tiny holes. Damage to the propeller caused by cavitation The bubbles produced by cavitation will burst in a very short period of time and emit a huge explosion sound, while producing light and heat. temperature. The Sparrow Mantis Shrimp can deliver two attacks with one punch. Even if you fail to hit the prey with your fist, the subsequent cavitation will cause damage to the prey. To use an inappropriate analogy, is the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp like a "martial arts master" who hurts people from the air? Being hit by the fist of the sparrow mantis shrimp, not only crustaceans such as crabs can't stand it, but even the glass of an ordinary fish tank can't stand it, so there is a saying that if you want to raise the sparrow mantis shrimp, you must first prepare a bulletproof fish tank. With such a powerful fist, it is no wonder that it is called the "Undersea Boxer".

Why won't 6700℃ cook the mantis shrimp?

The sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp can punch up to 60 kilograms, and the temperature generated by the subsequent cavitation can reach the surface temperature of the sun. So why aren't they cooked by boiling water or killed by back shocks? When the bubbles produced by the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp burst, the temperature can be compared to the surface of the sun. This conclusion sounds very exaggerated. If the temperature is really that high, did the mantis shrimp not cook itself long ago? In fact, the temperature here is the limit temperature at the moment when the bubble bursts. The temperature is not equal to the heat. The energy of the bubble itself is not high. The heat generated by the phenomenon will not be transferred to the seawater, and the temperature of the seawater will not rise to the boiling point, and naturally it will not harm the mantis shrimp itself. Sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp's fist can be damaged after 50,000 high-intensity knocks, relying on the special structure of its fist. Sparrow mantis shrimp's fists have a hard outer shell composed of high concentrations of minerals similar to bone. But just being hard is not enough. In order not to hurt themselves, the mantis shrimp must also reduce the shock of the fist attack. The three-layer structure is inside the fist of the sparrow mantis shrimp, which is divided into two areas. The first area has a helical fibrous material that adds cushioning to dampen vibrations and absorb energy, just like a boxer's glove. And the second area is called the "striped area", this area is highly neatly arranged with fibrous material, just like boxers will wrap bandages on their hands, the role of this part is not to absorb energy, but to protect themselves, Prevent fractures by compressing the bone. The combination of these two areas minimizes the shock damage that occurs when punching. But even so, it is impossible for the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp to completely ignore the damage caused by punching. What to do then? The sparrow mantis shrimp has another way - molting. The Sparrow-tailed Mantis Shrimp's fist limit is 50,000 times, but it doesn't wait for its fist to really break completely, and about every three months, it sheds its skin to compensate. The period of molting is its most vulnerable time, but the mantis shrimp is still as aggressive as before, as if its pride does not allow it to back down. After all, even a 9-day-old baby mantis shrimp can use its own fists to prey on small animals. Fish and shrimp. And when the new shell hardened, the mantis shrimp turned back to the undersea boxing champion.

Seeing things that humans cannot see

In addition to its super punching ability, the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp also has very special eyes, which are the most complex among animals in the world. The visual system can see the world invisible to humans. Sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp have the same compound eyes as flies, with eye stalks under the eyes, so they can rotate independently to look at different places. And it has small black holes in its eyes, which are actually equivalent to human pupils. However, there are six such "pupils" in the bird-tailed mantis shrimp. In the compound eyes of the guinea mantis shrimp, there are three layers of photoreceptor cells that can respond to different wavelengths of light. Human photoreceptors actually only have three kinds of red, green, and blue. Through the matching of these three colors in different proportions, we can see the world in our eyes now, so these three colors are also called optical primary colors. But the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp has 16 different photoreceptors, 9 of which are used to "see" visible light, 3 are used to "see" ultraviolet light, and the rest are used to "see" infrared light. Moreover, the photoreceptor cells of the guinea pig mantis shrimp can also process information independently, which means it can see both ultraviolet and infrared light. A world that is pitch black for humans may be a different look for the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp. The colors of the world seen by mantis shrimp may never be imagined by humans. The carapace structure and special visual structure of the sparrow mantis shrimp have also given scientists a lot of inspiration. Its carapace structure is light, strong, and full of toughness. Its comprehensive performance even exceeds that of many hard artificial ceramics, which is very useful for all walks of life. big meaning. Through the research on the eye structure of the sparrow mantis shrimp, a sensor that can sense red, green, blue and three kinds of near-infrared light has been invented, which has played a huge role in the medical industry. References "The fastest killing speed in the ocean of the sparrow-tailed mantis shrimp in multicolored armor, the fist pops out of the cavity" Zhang Taolahan "The Strange Visual Perception of the Mantis Shrimp" Liu Bowen "The Magical Mantis Shrimp" Zhang Shouzhong "This Shrimp" incredible! Guide oncologists to "see" cancer cells clearly" Science Popularization China

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