Time：2022-10-04 10:54:56 source：ucutxmastrees.com author：Bird Read：680次

The red-throated northern hummingbird, only the size of a locust, has completed a 6,000-kilometer migration path

The most well-known migratory animal is birds. In poetry, literature and various classics, migratory birds are indispensable to add to the atmosphere, and in children's songs, they also "return every spring" home" of the swallows. With the regular migration of seasons and temperatures, it has become a living habit of many birds. It seems no surprise that a bird travels thousands of kilometers every year to migrate. However, the 6,000-kilometer one-way migration route is not easy for the red-throated northern hummingbird. Hummingbirds are the smallest birds in the world. They are only the size of a flower. These petite birds must travel thousands of kilometers.

The petite migrator

The hummingbird is the smallest bird. There are currently about 340 known species of hummingbirds in the world. Many of them live in the tropical rainforests of Latin America, where nectar is available year-round. As a result, hummingbirds that live here rarely leave the same patch of habitat and spend their entire lives among the flowers. But in other parts of the Americas, the supply of nectar is seasonal, and hummingbirds face a shortage of nectar in some seasons. A few species, such as the long-tailed hummingbird in the Andes, migrate to lower mountains, where the climate is warmer and more food is available, but others choose to migrate. Of the 13 or 14 species of hummingbirds that breed in Canada and the United States, all but a few southern California individuals are powerful migratory birds. They both move south to Mexico and Central America in the fall, or east to the Gulf Coast states and North and South Carolinas. In the migratory army of hummingbirds, the red-throated northern hummingbird is regarded as the "main force of the army". The fast-paced and nectar-feeding lifestyle of the red-throated northern hummingbird means that they can only survive where the flowers are in full bloom, which makes them must migrate south in the fall. When they return in spring, these tiny, energetic creatures are able to fly continuously across the Gulf of Mexico, an incredible journey for a bird that weighs less than an average pencil.

For the nympho

The red-throated northern peak bird is widely distributed in North America. Their breeding ground spans the entire eastern part of North America, and the northern border runs from central Alberta to Nova Scotia, Canada. The only species of hummingbird that breeds east of the Mississippi River. Males, with their shiny bright red underparts and patina torso, usually leave their wintering grounds a week or two earlier than the plain-colored females with grayish-white throats, allowing time to occupy the nesting area. The red-throated northern peaker crossed the southeastern United States in late March and early April, when three of their favorite plants, the cruciferous, safflower and buckeye, were blooming, and the time they traveled north across the continent also coincided with the In line with the flowering times of other important foods, these nympho birds catch the feast of flowers every year. During the breeding season, the hummingbird's diet is usually more varied, dominated by tree sap drawn from bark, spiders caught from spider webs, and some small insects drawn from the air and flowers. Like all hummingbirds, female northern hummingbirds raise their young alone; nevertheless, more and more hummingbirds are starting to lay two clutches, probably due to the longer summer and the prevalence of bird feeding spots in the garden. Since males play little role in reproductive contribution, they can leave their breeding grounds and return to the south in early July, while females and juveniles remain in the breeding grounds until September, or even October in mild climates mid.

Southern Migration Road

Because the migration of red-throated hummingbirds is mainly carried out in North America, ornithologists in the United States can clearly observe their migration routes. Scientists have now fully understood the red-throated north hummingbird The basic route of the southward migration of hummingbirds. During peak migration, huge numbers of hummingbirds migrate along migratory pathways that include the Mississippi coast, the Gulf Coast, and eastern Texas. These migration pathways are located at the border of the temperate and tropical zones, and then cross south from Texas. Mexico and Central America, with some individuals moving to Panama.

The arduous "travel"

These tiny birds don't all travel well, with some red-throated northern hummingbirds following land-based migration routes back north in the spring, while others choose to travel via the Caribbean Sea, this journey is even shorter, only about 1100 kilometers. This maritime "travel" can be very dangerous when autumn winds arrive, so even with the help of a tailwind, relocation is a remarkable move for the red-throated northern hummingbird. Under no wind conditions, the red-throated northern peak bird needs to spend 18 hours, at a vibration rate of 49 to 50 times per second, and flap its wings and intestines about 3.2 million times to complete the crossing. Although most birds migrate thousands of kilometers each way, they are much larger than the red-throated northern hummingbird. Therefore, in proportion to their body size, the red-throated northern hummingbird should be one of the longest known continuous flight distances in the world. These insect-sized birds need adequate nutrient reserves to complete their grueling migration journey, or they'll be forced out in the middle of the pack. Before embarking on this ultra-marathon, red-throated northern hummingbirds congregate in the forested areas of the Yucatan peninsula, storing large amounts of fat for nourishment. They weigh almost twice their normal weight before they set off. Even so, the birds weighed only 6 grams, the equivalent of two locusts. In fact, by the time they landed along the coast between Louisiana and Florida, all the fat stored in their bodies was consumed by the movement of their pectoral muscles to support the movement of the pectoral muscles, reaching the end that the average weight of these young birds was only a pitiful of about 2 grams.

Summary

More and more bird lovers try to help migrating hummingbirds. Hummingbirds love foods that are high in sugar, so these thirsty pixies love those sucrose made from sugar cane. Dozens of parks in North America have sugar water feeding points, which provide an extensive energy supply network for migrating red-throated northern hummingbirds, brown hummingbirds, and several other species. In areas where food is scarce, cities become very important feeding points for hummingbirds, otherwise they will detour or continue their flight without stopping. More and more hummingbirds are adapting to migrating to overwinter in gardens in the southeastern United States, where a steady stream of synthetic nectar is available until spring. So far, only a few red-throated northern hummingbirds have followed this migration pattern, possibly due in part to the effects of global warming, but more individuals may follow this migration pattern in the future. There is no doubt that their migration patterns have been altered by human activities.

(责任编辑：Botanical Garden)

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