Time：2023-03-20 20:18:10 source：ucutxmastrees.com author：Birds Read：910次

First case of monkeypox virus infection in pet dog identified

This Italian Greyhound contracted monkeypox from its owner. PHOTO: ANNE BENTZ, EYEEM/GETTY IMAGES TEXT: SHARON GUYNUP Paris A four-year-old Italian greyhound has become the first domestic dog to be infected with monkeypox. It also developed suspicious pustules 12 days after the owner developed pustules, the researchers reported. Testing confirmed that one of the two owners was infected with the same strain of monkeypox virus as the dog. The virus, which spreads through physical contact, was declared an international public health emergency in July. Currently, there are 44,503 cases in 96 countries and territories. Given our close relationship with pets, "this is not surprising," says Colin Parrish, a professor of veterinary virology at Cornell University. He is working on emerging canine viruses. Since we pet and kiss our dogs, hold them on our laps, and share food with them, there are theoretical risks. They lick us and often sleep with us, Parrish points out, just like this Italian greyhound and its owners. While the dog has recovered, the canine case has raised concerns among pet owners about whether they could be infected with cats and dogs and whether their pets are at risk. Parrish said such concerns are largely unfounded, "don't overreact, don't panic, the risk is actually very low." Tens of thousands of people have been infected, and if dogs are very vulnerable, "then we should now have Lots of cases," he said. Given the only cases, he thought it was safe to take the dog to the park or day care station. Can dogs get monkeypox? In general, we don't know much about monkeypox in pets like cats and dogs, said Jeff Doty, who leads the monkeypox response team at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In the case study of Italian greyhounds, the symptoms and severity of the condition were not detailed, but the CDC compiled a list of symptoms a dog may present: lethargy, refusal to eat, cough, runny nose or tears, and pustules. At this time, we don't know whether dogs infected with monkeypox virus can infect other dogs or wild animals, or reinfect humans. It depends on how much and how they spread the virus, Doty said. Whether dogs and other species will effectively increase and spread enough of the virus to trigger monkeypox is still unknown, he said. However, the researchers found that some animals, such as prairie dogs, seem to transmit monkeypox through nasal secretions and feces. "We don't know if dogs do the same." Parrish points out that, assuming we pet a dog with pustules, then It is possible to catch the virus, but "the greatest risk remains human-to-human contact". How to protect pets and ourselves? While the number of patients is still rising, "the majority of the general population is not at risk of contracting monkeypox," Mike Ryan, executive director of the World Health Organization's health emergency program, said at a news conference last week. He also added: "None of animals nor pets pose a threat to people these days." In fact, humans pose a greater risk to animals. Public health agencies stress that people with monkeypox should avoid contact with pets, livestock, other captive animals, and wild animals. If the pet has not been exposed to the virus, the CDC recommends that symptomatic owners leave them in the care of a family member or other person until they recover and disinfect the house before the pet goes home. If this is not possible, the CDC recommends isolating the animal for 21 days. Some people may only be able to take care of their pets on their own. "Normal and reasonable precautions are basically sufficient," Parrish points out, noting that it's important to cover pustules with clothing, wash hands with hand sanitizer, wear gloves and masks around animals, and keep them away from contaminated sheets and towels. Careful handling of litter is key to preventing infection from surrounding animals, which may rummage through litter. The CDC warns against bathing pets with sanitizer, alcohol, hand sanitizer, or other chemicals that could poison them. If you've been diagnosed with monkeypox and your pet has developed pustules within 21 days of being in contact with you, or two or more symptoms, the CDC recommends calling your veterinarian. Be vigilant. With an effective human vaccine, "we should try to control and eliminate the virus in humans as much as possible," Parrish said. There is currently no approved vaccine for cats and dogs. "We have to be cautious," Ryan said, because the more the virus spreads, the "more it evolves." About 60 percent of human diseases that spread from animals to humans are zoonotic, and so is monkeypox: it originates in animals and then infects humans. The virus was first identified in captive monkeys for research in 1958 in a Danish research laboratory, but it was primarily a rodent virus. The primary animal host for monkeypox remains a mystery. But public health experts know that in the rainforests of central and western Africa, where monkeypox is endemic, small rodents (West African squirrels, sun squirrels, Gambian giant rats and African dormouse) carry the virus. In 1970, 12 years after monkeypox was discovered, the first human case of monkeypox infection was confirmed. For decades, infections can be "spillover" events, when people kill, slaughter, and eat infected animals, and the virus spreads to humans. In 2010, reports of human-to-human transmission began to appear; in 2017, outbreaks occurred in parts of Nigeria. Now, the virus has spread from person to person around the world. new host? While the risk to cats and dogs is small, little is known about which animals are susceptible to monkeypox. Squirrels, monkeys, great apes, some types of rats and mice, as well as hedgehogs, shrews, chinchillas, and other small mammals can all be infected. Cattle also have problems, and cowpox, a close relative of monkeypox, can infect bovids. Whether cats, gerbils, rabbits, hamsters, raccoons, skunks and other species are at risk is unclear. Of particular concern is the potential infiltration of monkeypox into U.S. rodent populations, which typically live in large groups. Dense prairie dog colonies in the west are also at risk. In 2003, a boat with 800 small mammals came from Ghana to Texas for exotic pet import; they brought monkeypox to the United States. The prairie dogs kept next to them contracted the virus, and then 47 people who bought them, touched them, were bitten, or simply stayed in the same room. Laboratory studies have brought some good news, though. Days after the world gave birth to the ubiquitous urban mice, it appeared to be immune to monkeypox. The growing number of human cases has public health officials on high alert. Spillback from humans to animals could create new epidemiological hosts and entirely new chains of transmission, says Andrea McCollum, an epidemiologist who worked on the CDC's 2002 monkeypox response. "We don't want to see disease spread from one species to another," said the World Health Organization's Ryan. This makes monkeypox nearly impossible to eradicate. "Adapting to a new host will allow the virus to evolve, develop and mutate in different ways," said Rosamund Lewis, the World Health Organization's technical lead on monkeypox. This means that its infectivity and virulence can change, either weaken or increase. "We knew there was a genetic change going on," Doty said, "but we didn't know what effect this had on susceptibility, the ability of the virus to infect different animals." "However, when a zoonotic disease infects a new species, it's usually It's a dead end," said Sylvie Briand, WHO Director of Global Dangerous Risk Preparedness for Infectious Diseases.

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